摘要（Abstract） 

How to write the Abstract?

Structured abstracts

一个摘要应包含如下基本要素：

• 目的 (Aim, purpose, objectives): One or two sentences.
• 方法 (Methods): One or two sentences.
• 结果或发现 (Results, findings): Less than ten sentences.
• 结论 (Conclusions, original contribution, implications): One or two sentences.

有时会在介绍目的之前，有一句背景（Background）介绍.

The Abstract is a mini-version of your article. It presents the essence of your Ojectives, Methods, Results/Findings, and Conclusion(s). In the structured abstract, you write simply “we did, we found, and we concluded”. Specifically, you state the background of or the reason for your study, tell what methods you used, list your main findings/results, and end with your conclusion.